120 Years of Electronic Music
Electronic Musical Instrument 1870 - 1990
The Rangertone Organ (1932)
The Rangertone Organ was developed by the electronics engineer and pioneer of audio recording Richard Ranger (b Richard Howland Ranger 1899, Indianapolis, Indiana, d 1961 ) in the USA during the 1930's. The instrument was marketed by Ranger from his own company 'Rangertone Incorporated' on Verona Ave. in Newark, NJ. Very few of the instruments were sold, one of which was installed at the Recital hall of Skinner Hall of Music, Vassar College. After the failure to sell the instrument Ranger went on to develop a series of high fidelity phonograph devices that never went into production. During WW2 Ranger spent time investigating German electronic equipment for the US Army it was here that he picked up and removed for his own use the German AEG Magnetophone tape recorder. Ranger returned to the U.S. and in 1947 announced his new Rangertone Tape recorder, based on the Magnetophone, which finally gave the Rangertone Inc the financial success it needed until squeezed out of the domestic market by larger companies such as Ampex.By the early 1960's, Rangertone had eliminated its general-pupose sound recorders from the catalog, concentrating instead on specialized equipment for motion picture production. At some point, the company purchased the rights to manufacture a system using 35 mm tape with sprocket holes, and this product is still in production.

The Rangertone Organ was one of the early tone wheel organs, similar to the Hammond, the Rangertone had its pitch stability controlled by tuning forks, therefore it was possible to change the temperament by changing the tuning of the forks.
Timbre was controlled by push-buttons to the right of the keyboard, and/or by switching between six different amplifier/speaker combinations, which had different tremolo and tonal qualities.The original version was a huge machine, with more than 150 valves. A portable single-keyboard model was built for concert performance.

(Biographicall details by: Dr. David L. Morton, Jr. Research Historian IEEE Center for the History of Electrical Engineering)
Sources:
David Morton's "A Chronology of Richard Ranger "
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